Stretching techniques, include static (active or passive), dynamic, or proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), all of which can improve ROM. Stretching is usually prescribed for increasing ROM in sports, clinical settings, such as chronic low back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and exercise performance in general. ROM is improved through increased stretch tolerance, augmented fascicle length and changes in pennation angle, as well as reduced tonic reflex activity. Unsurprisingly, ROM gains are also relevant in different sports, such as basketball, baseball and rowing. Several common clinical conditions negatively affect ROM, such as ankylosing spondylitis, cerebral palsy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis. Improving ROM is a core goal for the general population, as well as in clinical contexts, such as in treating acute respiratory failure, plexiform neurofibromas, recovering from breast cancer-related surgery, and total hip replacement. Joint range of motion (ROM) is the angle by which a joint moves from its resting position to the extremities of its motion in any given direction. However, the qualitative effects of all the studies were quite homogeneous. (4) Conclusions: ST and stretching were not different in their effects on ROM, but the studies were highly heterogeneous in terms of design, protocols and populations, and so further research is warranted. passive ROM, and movement-per-joint analyses showed no between-protocol differences in ROM gains. Sub-group analyses based on risk of bias, active vs.
Pooled data showed no differences between ST and stretching on ROM (ES = −0.22 95% CI = −0.55 to 0.12 p = 0.206). (3) Results: Eleven articles ( n = 452 participants) were included. Eligibility criteria: (P) Humans of any condition (I) ST interventions (C) stretching (O) ROM (S) supervised RCTs. (2) Methods: Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, and Web of Science were consulted in October 2020 and updated in March 2021, followed by search within reference lists and expert suggestions (no constraints on language or year). The goal was to systematically review and meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of ST and stretching on ROM (INPLASY 10.37766/inplasy20). However, it is unclear whether its efficacy is comparable to stretching. (1) Background: Stretching is known to improve range of motion (ROM), and evidence has suggested that strength training (ST) is effective too.
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